![]() ![]() ![]() PLEURA It is a closed serous sac which surrounds the lung and invaginated from the medial side by the root of lung. Transverse fissure only in right lung: represented by a line extending from 4th right costal cartilage to meet the oblique fissure.Oblique fissue : represented by a line extending from 3rd thoracic spine, obliquely ending at 6th costal cartilage.Inferior margin : as the pleura but more horizontal and finally reaching to the 10th thoracic spine.Apex, anterior border and posterior border correspond nearly to the lines of pleura but are slightly away from the median plane.Posterior margin : along the vertebral column from the apex to the inferior margin.Inferior margin : passes round chest wall, on the 8th rib in midclavicular line, 10th rib in mid-axillary line and finally reaching to the last thoracic spine.Right pleura: The anterior margin extends vertically from sternoclavicular joint to 6th costal cartilage.Left pleura: The anterior margin extends from sternoclavicular joint to the level of 4th costal cartilage, then deviates for about 1 inch to left at 6th costal cartilage to form cardiac notch.Apex: lies one inch above the medial 1/3 of the clavicle.Describe the formation of bronchopulmonary segments and its main characteristics. Describe the difference between right & left lungs. Describe the anatomy of lungs : (shape, surfaces, relations, nerve supply, blood supply and lymphatic drainage. Describe the surface anatomy of both pleurae and lungs. List the parts of parietal pleura and its recesses. Objectives By the end of the lecture, the student should be able to : Describe the anatomy of the pleura: (subdivisions into parietal & visceral pleurae, nerve supply). ![]()
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